Installing wine is very easy that it is all in your finger tips.

But the problem is removing it. It sometime very difficult to uninstall from your PC. And you will find out that the program is still in your computer even though you have already removed it. So, here is a very simple, but yet effective tool for you to remove “Wine”.

Please note that in the following commands there should be no spaces in the path, particularly between $HOME/ and .whatever.

• rm -rf $HOME/.wine

Also the uninstaller does not remove menu and desktop entries. To remove all Wine-created menu entries run the following commands.

• rm -f $HOME/.config/menus/applications-merged/wine*

• rm -rf $HOME/.local/share/applications/wine

• rm -f $HOME/.local/share/desktop-directories/wine*

• rm -f $HOME/.local/share/icons/????_*.xpm

http://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ#head-9893ae50079ca7a959258f0bc9a17aaf2e69b391

When the Altair was introduced in January 1975 as a do-it-yourself kit for hobbyists, Roberts hoped to sell 800 machines a year. Within three months, he had a backlog of 4,000 orders.

In addition to being the first mass-produced personal computer, the Altair was the first computer with an open architecture. This allowed inventors to design add-on devices such as memory cards and printers.

Roberts sold MITS in 1977 and went on to become a physician. Altair’s success inspired people to design competitive machines. It launched the personal computer industry, which has transformed almost every aspect of modern life.

In the 1980s, there was no easy way to share data on the Internet. Berners-Lee developed software that included three procedures that control how data is transmitted between computers via the Internet: HTML, HTTP, and URL. HTML (hypertext markup language) codes documents to create Web pages. HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) is a system for transferring documents. URL (universal resource locator) addresses documents with the familiar www.address. This software opened up the Internet; it enabled anyone with the computer capability to navigate the Internet and easily find and retrieve information.

Berners-Lee had the first Web server (a computer that holds Web pages) in operation on his computer by 1990. He made the software available on the Internet, available to anyone who wanted it. Use grew by leaps and bounds, particularly after the introduction in 1993 of browsers, which are programs that allow computer users to click-and-jump from one Web site to another. Other innnovations have been added since, and more are in the works, including voice-enabled software that lets people use their voices to surf the Web.

• Start menu
• Run
• Type cmd.exe

Please type the following and press Enter in the command prompt -

• ipconfig/flushdns
• ipconfig/release
• ipconfig/renew
• exit

My Gosh,

That’s what it shows for the whole day whenever I log into my Cpanel. Very angry now. So annoying.

Why Web FTP?

Answer is very simple. It is intended for those who cannot use FTP software (because of installation failed or other reasons). And Web FTP is simple but yet fast and secure.

Web FTP is strong?

To answer honestly, it is not. Through this application, you can edit, copy, move, download, upload files to your ftp server. But the uploading allows maximum file size of up to 2 MB only. It doesn’t even allow mp3 files. If you are uploading scripts and documents, it is no problem for you.

Why should I use?

Web FTP is for your second choice. If you can install and use FTP software, it is perfect. But if you are not able to use FTP software, I recommend Web FTP. It will allow you to edit your documents fast and secure and even to download and upload files. Navigation is not difficult, using it is easier than using an email. So, try it if you haven’t. I believe you will like it.

Businesses use a number of techniques to try to produce that perfect implementation. Some of the techniques are simple ideas in complex implementations: keep track of what the customer did in previous visits and make guesses about what the customer does next. That’s what Amazon.com’s Recommendations process does.

Some sites use intricate processing that reviews that action you have just performed on the Web site and tries to present what you find most pleasing. The successful business uses a number of tools to engage in interactions with the user. The following list presents 10 reasons businesses might want to engage in personalization:

1. Provides the customer with convenience and save his or her time.
2. Allows the vendor to become a trusted source, building loyalty, customer retention and sales.
3. Enables a comprehensive, integrated, and intelligent customer communication strategy.
4. Allows the vendor to proactively present the customer with contextually relevant offers creating the potential to transact with each and every customer.
5. Provides a 360-degree view of the customer relationship, helping to better understand customer needs and habits.
6. Allows the vendor to focus on retention rather than acquisition, which is much more cost effective and dramatically increases customer lifetime value.
7. Offers faster and more accurate response rates to measure future sales.
8. Provides up-sell and cross-sell opportunities, driving additional revenue.
9. Creates a competitive advantage, building barriers of entry for new businesses.
10. Allows a more cost-effective way of doing business, improving sales and customer satisfaction.

Source: Software and Information Industry Association eBusiness Division Whitepaper: Conect with your Customers

The idea behind IM is simple. When you send someone an email, you don’t know when you will get a reply. Your friend might not check their messages, or might not use that email address anymore. With IM, however, a program on your computer tells you when a friend is online. You can then send a message to your friend, who can type a reply instantly. To do this, you need an IM program, such as AIM, ICQ, MSN Messenger or Windows IM.

IM is already hugely popular in the USA, where people spend five times more time online than in Europe. However, IM is starting to take off in the UK, with over 3,000 people signing up to MSN Messenger alone every day. Worldwide, AIM, the IM service provided by AOL is by far the most popular. It has 195 million users who send about 1.6 billion messages every day. ICQ, which is owned by AOL, has about 140 million messengers, and MSN and Windows IM put together have about 75 million users.

The advantages of IM are obvious, but there is one very important disadvantage. You can only contact someone on the same network as you. If your friend is using AIM, and you are using MSN, you cannot talk to each other. This makes IM less useful than it should be. Imagine if you could not send an email from Hotmail to Yahoo. However, things look like they will change soon.

In general, the future looks bright for IM. Many programs also allow you to have voice conversations, have video conferencing – this means you can see the other person using a webcam – and also let you swap pictures, music and other files.

So, perhaps we’ll all soon be asking someone’s age, sex and location (ASL), and laughing out loud (LOL) when they say something funny. See you later! (CU L8er)

A bit is a smallest unit of information that a computer can work on and can take two values “1” and “0”, although sometimes depending on context the values of “true” and “false” are used. On most modern computers, we do not work directly on bits but on a collection of bits, sometimes called a word, the smallest of which is a byte. Today, a byte by default means 8 bits, but technically it can range from 4 to 10 units. The odd values are from either old or experimental CPU architectures that aren’t really in use anymore. To be precise, many standards use octet to mean 8 bits, but we’ll use the more common byte. Modern CPUs operate on much larger word sizes: the term 32-bit microprocessor means the CPU operates primarily on 32-bit words in one clock cycle. It can , of course, operate on 8-bit words, but it doesn’t mean it happens any faster. Many CPUs also have special instructions that sometimes can operate on larger words, such as SSE and similar instructions for multimedia, as well as vector processing , such as on the PowerPC.

A byte has a natural numeric interpretation as an integer from 0 to 255 using base 2. Bit n represents the value 2n, and the value of the byte becomes the sum of these bits. The bits are laid out exactly as expected for a numeric representation, with bit 0 on the right and bit 7 on the left, but the layout is backward when compared to Western languages.

(b⁷b⁶b⁵b⁴b³b²b¹) = 2⁷b⁷+2⁶b⁶+2⁵b⁵+2⁴b⁴+2³b³+2²b²+2¹b¹+2⁰b⁰

As I said, if you move your machine around a lot, you know the pain of having to reconfigure the network settings (ip address, subnetmask, default gateway and dhcp etc..) so they can continue to talk on the network.

Otherwise, if you have a laptop that you need to use at work, at home, and at hotspot or wherever you want, being able to save and reload network configurations would be a real timesaver.

Hold on a sec! There are a few utilities on the market that allow you to quickly switch between different network configurations. Net Switcher (http://www.netswitcher.com) is one effective tool.

But did you know you can do the same thing using the Widows 2000 Netshell (netsh) command? Here’s how it works. First, you dump your network settings to a text file through the command line, as follows:

netsh -c interface dump > Networksettings.txt (or whatever name you want!). This command stores your current network settings in a text file named networksettings.txt.

Now, let’s say you have to reconfigure your machine’s network settings to repurpose the machine or move it to a different part of the network (maybe your work, or school..). Then, later, if you need to restore your machine’s original network settings, you can simply type the following command adn load back in the previously dumped settings:

netsh -f Networksettings.txt

***Note that the destination filename is not important, so you can effectively create multiple configuration files. You can create and name for each network configuration you need. For example,you can use work.txt for the office,  Home.txt for your home configuration.

Nice work eh?

Here are a few of the clear tricks Dave’s deskbar performs :

1. It lets you run searches not just for Google, but for 140 different Web Sites, including Yahoo, Amazon, Ebay, the Internet Movie Database (IMDB), and a hard of the other search engines.
2. It has a wizard that guides you through setting up your own custom searches. Dave suggests using a custom search for your company’s intranet, although you can use one to automatically search any web sites you’d like.
3. The blank search box isn’t actually blank-insteadc, it displays the date and time, so you can hide your system clock and save some valuable screen space.

Dave’s deskbar works with Window 95 or later and Internet Explorer 5.5 or later ; you can’t install it from any other browser . Check it out at www.dqsd.net.

If this behavior is threating your sanity , consider installing and running AdAware , a free program that attempt to detect & delete software that’s surreptitiously installed itself on your computer ( http://www.lavasoftusa.com/support/download ).

AdAware not only nixes pop-up launchers , but it also kills off spyware , software that companies can secretly place on your hard drive in order to track your behavior online . Spyware is generally not condoned by legitimate businesses , but file-sharing services have a history of deploying it .

In addition, the Gmail servers scan all incoming attachments and block executable files , even if they are enclosed in a compressed file format like .zip , .tar or .gz . Google also blocks any incoming messages with .exe files attached and bounces them right back to where they came from.

Since most people rarely, if ever , need to exchange executable files for legitimate reasons , this limitation shouldn’t be a problem for us . If we do want to send an .exe file , however , consider burning it to a CD and snail-mailing it to its destination , or posting it on a Web site .

Being able to determine the location of our visitors is a powerful tool . After all , if we know our Graceland Vacation site is absurdly popular in Japan , we might consider adding some new pics . But Google’s geographic location service isn’t perfect . In fact , there are several weakness :

• The location service is based on the ISP ( Internet Service Provider ) not the actual visitor . In many cases , the ISP is located in a different location than then visitor’s own computer .
• The location service examines the information registered with the IP address . This registration information could be incorrect .
• ISPs economize by pooling their traffic together and dumping it onto the Internet at a central location . That evens even if the visitor and Web Surfer are located in a specific city , the computer that connects these surfers to the Internet might be somewhere else .

As a general rule of thumb , the geographic information that Google uses is likely to be close to reality , but not exact . It’s highly likely that the country is correct , but the specific city may not match that of the actual visitor .

Pronounced STEHG-uh-NAH-gruhf-ee, from Greek steganos, or “covered,” and graphie, or “writing,” this method of protecting data involves hiding a secret message within an ordinary message and extracting it at its destination. Steganography takes cryptography a step farther by hiding an encrypted message so that no one suspects it exists. Ideally, anyone scanning your data doesn’t know it contains encrypted data.

Sniffing

Stealing data off a computer connection by capturing all the characters that come over the connection is called sniffing. This requires that the hacker have physical access to the network you are on. To capture useful information such as credit card numbers or site passwords, a sniffer would probably be connected to the part of a network that a Web site is on rather than the part of the network your home PC is on.

Protecting Against Malicious Attacks

As a general rule, you should visit only those Web sites you trust. This is because while surfing the Web you may subject your PC to an attack from a malicious Web site. This can happen when that site sends your browser instructions to execute in a form of ActiveX controls and JavaScripts.

However, it would be no fun to always visit the sites you know, and never try something new. Kids and others might also use your machine and go to places you hadn’t considered. For that reason, you should configure your browser to help protect your machine against malicious attacks. The following settings are recommended for Microsoft Internet Explorer:

• Prompt for downloading signed ActiveX controls
• Disable unsigned ActiveX controls
• Disable ActiveX controls not marked as safe
• Enable running ActiveX controls and plug-ins
• Enable ActiveX controls marked as safe for scripting
• Set Java permissions on high safety
• Disable script debugging
• Warn about invalid site certificates

Reference

Protect your DIGITAL PRIVACY (Survival Skills for the information age)

Honeypot typically run on a single computer that mimics the activity and breadth of an entire network, even down to emulating the details of a specific operating system, such as Linux, Windows, Mac OS, Solaris, or HP-UX. Although a honeypot looks and behaves just like a real network, it often offers several easily exploitable flaws to encourage the hackers to waste their time exploiting this fictional network.

To learn about the various honeypots currently used by businesses, visit these sites:

Tiny Honeypot http://www.alpinista.org/thp

Net Facade http://www.22.verizon.com/fns/netsec/fns_netsecurity_netfacade.html

Symantec ManTrap http://www.symantec.com

The Deception Toolkit http://www.all.net/dtk/download.html

Many honeypots are freeware and include source code so you can study how they work and even contribute some ideas of your own. A honeypot is valuable as a surveillance and early-warning tool. While it is often a computer, a honeypot can take other forms, such as files or data records, or even unused IP address space.

~ Contributed by spooky.

The wireless network world is not nearly this secure. In fact, it is not secure at all. Disassembling your network packets and transmitting them wirelessly means that anyone within reach can see them. A wily attacker could join or passively monitor your network from a mile away with a high-gain antenna, and you would never see him.

The drawbacks of WEP (802.11b)

The IEEE specifications for 802.11a/b/g all provide a form of encryption called Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). WEP operates at the Media Access Control layer (MAC) layer or the Data Link Layer, between the physical layer (radio waves) and the Network Layer (TCP). Most WEP products implement a 64-bit shared key, 40 bits of which are used for the secret key and 24 bits for the initialization vector (IV). The key is installed at the wired network AP and must also be entered into each client.

Anyone who knows the secret key (unless you’re the only user on the network, this key is shared, so it’s not all that secret) can participate in a WEP network. Secret keys are generally either plaintext words or somewhat longer combinations of hexadecimal numbers.

There are two major problems with WEP:

• Encryption is handled at the Data Link Layer, so if you connect to a WEP network with your notebook, the communication between your notebook and the access point is encrypted. All packets are decrypted at the access point and sent from there in the clear.
• Other computers that also have the secret key for this WEP network can read all packets sent to and from your computer. The secret key is a “shared” key, which means that all devices that encrypt packets must use the same key, making the key even easier to deduce. Once you are connected to a WEP network, you can do the packet sniffing you want with a tool like Ethereal.

A team of cryptographers from the University of California at Berkeley, as well as several other groups have identified weaknesses in the way that WEP keys are generated and used, effectively making the number of bits in the key immaterial. Even though many manufactures have added extra bits to the key length, up to 152 bits, the longer key length provides minimal protection, because WEP is not a well-designed cryptographic system. I (spooky) will post more about WPA in next coming posts.

So why would you want to use WEP on your wireless network at all? Consider it a first line of defense. While it is definitely possible to crack its keys and gain access to a WEP network, someone who is looking for free wireless access will choose an open network when given the choice. However, you must take stronger measures.

Consider not using WEP at all. There are other alternatives that provide stronger encryption and authentication and I will discuss more about it. However, if you want an easy going setup, WEP is your way to go or you ticket. To keep your WEP network as secure as possible, keep these guidelines in mind:

Make your secret key difficult to crack. Once a hacker has captured enough frames from your encrypted network, he needs to run a tool to guess your secret key. There is no different from a hacker running crack against a password database. The more complex your key, the less likely a standard dictionary attack will crack it. Choose a long, complex key that utilizes non-alphanumeric characters. If you can, use hexadecimal strings. Use the longest key that your hardware will support. If you have access points and clients that support 128-bit WEP, by all means use it. However, some implementations of WEP have weaknesses that allow attackers to recover the key even without mounting a dictionary attack.

Change your secret key often. WEP key attacks rely on two methods: a dictionary attack or the collection of large amounts of frames data in order to deduce the secret key. Obviously, you provide less of a chance for an attacker to break your key when you change it often. However, this option becomes more cumbersome with large networks, giving you the classic key-distribution problem.

Use WEP in combination with other security measures. If your network uses equipment from a single manufacture, you may able to take advantage of nonstandard security features. Cisco and Proxim, for example, support rapid WEP key rotation and dynamic rekeying. If all of your clients can take advantage of these features, use them. You should also consider whether the various IP tunneling or VPN solutions will fit into your network infrastructure.

Several security measures that come standard with many access points are almost useless in protection your wireless network.

Disabling SSID broadcast

This creates a “hidden” network by causing the access point to suppress the broadcast of SSID information. In order to join a network with SSID broadcast disabled, the client must manually enter the SSID. If you don’t know the SSID, you can’t join the network. In reality, Kismet and other wireless network scanners can easily pick up the SSID by monitoring traffic from clients of the “hidden” network.

MAC address filtering

Most access points allow you to set up a list of allowed network cards by entering their MAC address. If the access point sees a MAC address that is not on the list, it will not allow that device to associate. So only authorized network cards can join the network. In reality, Kismet and other wireless scanners can easily pick up MAC addresses by monitoring client traffic on the wireless network. Spoofing a MAC address is very easy under Linux and other operating systems, allowing easy access to the network.  Also, wireless network cards can be easily stolen. The MAC address filter only authenticates a device, so anyone can use it.

IP address filtering

Similar to MAC address filtering, this technique allows you to set up a list of allowed IP addresses that can send TCP/IP traffic on the network. Other machines may be allowed to associate with the access point, but they would not be able to participate in any TCP/IP network. So only known IP addresses are allowed to communicate on the network. In reality, any network sniffer or analyzer, such as Ethereal or tcpdump, can easily find IP addresses in use on any given network. Spoofing IP addresses is even easier than spoofing MAC addresses.

Reference

• Security of the WEP Algorithm (http://www.issac.cs.berkeley.edu/issac/wep-faq.html)

~ Contributed by Spooky

Here is the presentation about Google Wave. At first, I don’t really excited about it but after watched for half an hour, I just can’t stop to know more about that. I am crazy to nearly all Google’s Product and one of the very crazy Google fun. So, if you are also a Google Fun, don’t miss that. Google Wave is also one of the greatest product come out from Google.com.

A technology for sending large amounts of data over the same lines used for local phones. DSL is a relatively low-cost way of providing broadband connections, but it does have some technical complications (including limitations on how far away from the phone switch a subscriber can be), which means not everybody can use it.

E-mail Spoofing

Practice of sending an e-mail that has a forged sender address, generally to disguise the actual sender or to create mischief for a business.

Encryption

The conversion of data into a form, called a “ciphertext,” that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people. Decryption, however, is the process of converting encrypted data back into its original form so it can be understood.

eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

A specification for documents enabling designers to create formatting commands that enable the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications and between organisations.

Firewall

A combination of specialized hardware and software designed to keep unauthorized users from accessing information within a computer network.

ActiveX Controls from Microsoft are a method of running programs, called scripts, either on the server or on the user’s Windows-based computer, as a response to accessing a Web site. Because ActiveX scripts can be run on the user’s computer, they can be easily used by those with malicious intent to deliver viruses, hostile programs, or simply to acquire information that has been stored on your computer, such as your e-mail address, information about your internet connection, what kind of machine or programs you are using, and so on. An ActiveX control, unlike a Java applet, has no limitations on what it can do, so it has much greater privacy implications.

Bandwidth

The information-carrying capacity of a network connection. Usually measured in bits per second (bps); a typical modem line carries 56,000 bits per second (56kbps), a typical large Web site has a T3 line, with 45 million bps (45Mbps), while a few ultra-high-end trunk lines carry up to 6 billion bps (6Gbps).

Computer fraud

Computer-related crimes involving deliberate misrepresentation, alteration, or disclosure of data to obtain something of value, usually for monetary gain.

Cookie

Pieces of text placed in a file or files on your computer’s hard drive by a Web site you’ve visited. Some cookies (called “persistend cookies”) may be used to identify you the next time you access the site by storing your password for you. Others may store information about the contents of your shopping cart. Cookies cannot identify an individual user specifically unless the cookie data is attached to personally identifiable information collected some other way, such as via an online registration form. Cookie data may include such information as a credit card number, the particular size or weight of a part ordered, or a password.

Before we learn about AMADEUS system, I wanna share with you what AMADEUS is about. AMADEUS is one of the global distrubution system which provide travel information and guides to travel agents, hotels, cruises, tour operators and many destination management companies. AMADEUS is also the leading and largest booking system in the tourism industry among the others (which are ABACUS, GALILEO, and SABRE). So, now we start from the very basic terms.

Let say, you are the tour consultant and you receive a call from customer, “Yes, I like to know whether there is availibility seat on 11, September 2009 from Singapore to Bangkok ?”. Knowing nothing about the AMADEUS system, it is really hard to find the correct fare and availibility of the airlines’ seat.

The question obviously mention that we need to know the availitity of seat on 11, September 2009 from Singapore to Bangkok. First you need to know the code of the airlines and cities. You may be able to find it by googling, you don’t actually need to know the code of AMADEUS system to find the code of airlines and airports/cities codes.

Here is the code to check the availitity of seat with SilkAir on 11, September 2009 from Singapore to Bangkok…

AN11SEPSINBKK/AMI

Explanation

AN       – to code to check for certain date

11SEP – 11 september

SIN      - three letter code for singapore

BKK     – three letter code for bangkok

/A        - code used before the airline code

MI        - two letter code for SilkAir