Before the mid-nineteeth century , people in the United States ate most foods only in season . Drying , smoking and salting could preserve meat for a short time , but the avaliability of fresh meat , like that of fresh milk , was very limited ; there was no way to prevent spoilage . But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning . And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk . Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s , but supply remained low because cans had to be made by hand . By 1880 , however , inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate . Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year .

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In 1558 , Elizabeth I of England was crowned Queen . Being the daughter of King Henry VIII , she had his shrewd blue eyes and his reddish hair . She loved to have the crowds admiring her when her gilded carriage drove through the streets of London . Sometimes she would halt so they could have a better look at her gland clothes , which were bedecked with blazing jewels , chains and ornaments . ” God Bless you , ” someone would shout . ” Thank you , handsome sir , ” she would reply jokingly , and the crowd would laugh .

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