Several types of laws already in existence affect the treatment of information about individuals. Some of those are quite broad, like California’s constitutionally protected Right of Privacy. Others are quite specific. Many of the laws are concerned with the protection of records gathered by the states themselves:
- Tax return laws generally prohibit any disclosure of information gathered on state tax returns.
- Criminal justice system laws generally have requirements about who can access particular forms of data gathered about you in conjunction with a law enforcement activity. This means that not all information is automatically public, but, of course, some may be. You are familiar with the “Police blotter” reports in your local newspaper, for example. These laws also generally require that information gathered about you in law enforcement activities be accessible to you, so that you can amend the information or correct it if it is wrong. The disposition of the case is usually required to be recorded, and most states require reporting law enforcement information in promptly standard formats. Some states, such as California, require that police blotter information becomes protected when it is no longer current.
- School records laws generally allow students and their parents to inspect school records and to challenge them if they are inaccurate or incomplete. Schools are limited in their ability to disclose information to third parties. This is why you must ask to have your transcripts forwarded when another education institution requires them.
- General fair information laws limit the data that a government can collect and keep. These laws usually allow you to inspect the data and challenge it if you believe it inaccurate. State governments may be restricted in their ability to disclose information to third parties.
- Election laws may limit the disclosure of voter registration data, making it available to candidates for election mailings, but not to a marketing organisation to sell other products.
- Motor vehicle registration laws may limit the disclosure of vehicle registration, identification card, and/ or drivers license data to authorized personnel.
Source: Protect your Digital Privacy.
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